Hypertension: Difference between revisions

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===Definition===
===What is Hypertension===
High blood pressure. According to NICE, it has to be persistenly over 140/90mmHg.
'''Hypertension is high [[blood pressure]]'''. It's the opposite of [[hypotension]].
===Epidemiology===
Ridiculously high prevalence - 11.3%.  95% is primary (i.e. no known cause).
===Pathophysiology===
There are two types :
*'''essential''' (aka ''primary'' or ''systemic'') - it just happens and nobody knows the cause.
*'''secondary''' - caused by another disease.


===Risks===
===What types are there?===
====Risk Factors====
There are two types of hypertension:
Nobody knows the exact cause of hypertension but there are some risk factors:
*Diet - high salt, calcium and coffee intake
*[[Genetics]]
*[[Oral contraceptive]]
*[[HRT]]


====Associated Risks====
*[[Essential hypertension]] - which is caused by, well, nobody's sure.
Hypertension is massively associated with [[cardiovascular]] disease which is why it is so important. It increase the risk of:
*[[Secondary hypertension]] - which is caused by something else.
*[[stroke]]
*[[ischaemic heart disease]]
*[[left ventricular hypertrophy]] and [[cardiac failure]]


==Clinical Features==
Excluding the second of these is important because it's often incredibly serious (like [[renal failure]] or something).
The main clinical feature of high blood pressure is high blood pressure. Go figure. Well, I'm sure you did. Here's a list of the different classifications of blood pressure:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Category
!Systolic blood pressure (SBP)
!Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
|-
|''Normal''
|
|
|-
|Optimal
|<120
|<80
|-
|Normal
|<130
|<85
|-
|High normal
|130-139
|85-89
|-
|Hypertension
|
|
|-
|Mild (grade 1)
|140-159
|90-99
|-
|Moderate (grade 2)
|160-179
|100-109
|-
|Severe (grade 3)
|>/=180
|>/=110
|}
===Investigations===
===Management===
===Prognosis===

Latest revision as of 06:11, 5 April 2013

What is Hypertension

Hypertension is high blood pressure. It's the opposite of hypotension.

What types are there?

There are two types of hypertension:

Excluding the second of these is important because it's often incredibly serious (like renal failure or something).

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