Hypertension: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 14:28, 24 March 2009

Definition

High blood pressure. According to NICE, it has to be persistenly over 140/90mmHg.

Epidemiology

Ridiculously high prevalence - 11.3%. 95% is primary (i.e. no known cause).

Pathophysiology

There are two types :

  • essential (aka primary or systemic) - it just happens and nobody knows the cause.
  • secondary - caused by another disease.

Risks

Risk Factors

Nobody knows the exact cause of hypertension but there are some risk factors:

Associated Risks

Hypertension is massively associated with cardiovascular disease which is why it is so important. It increase the risk of:

Clinical Features

The main clinical feature of high blood pressure is high blood pressure. Go figure. Well, I'm sure you did. Here's a list of the different classifications of blood pressure:

Category Systolic blood pressure (SBP) Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
Normal
Optimal <120 <80
Normal <130 <85
High normal 130-139 85-89
Hypertension
Mild (grade 1) 140-159 90-99
Moderate (grade 2) 160-179 100-109
Severe (grade 3) >/=180 >/=110

Investigations

Management

Prognosis