Confusion and delirium

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Definition

Confusion is a loss of orientation (not knowing where, when, who and what you are), often combined with a loss of memory. Delirium is a short term state of confusion, accompanied with altered consciousness.

Epidemiology

Very common, especially in the elderly, or very ill.

Pathophysiology

As far as we can ascertain:

• If your body is a bit messed up, ie. electrolyte imbalances etc, you get confused.
• If your brain isn't working properly, ie. alzheimer's disease, etc, you get confused.
• If your brain is getting squashed, ie. massive brain tumour, etc, you get confused.