Eczema

Definition

A form of dermatitis (epidermal inflammation). It represents a range of conditions.

Epidemiology

Affect 15-20% of school children and 2-10% of adults. Over 80% of cases prevent before the age of 5. It's slightly more common in females than in males.

Pathophysiology

Eczema is generally atopic i.e it is due to a hypersensitivity reaction. There are loads of things that exacerbate it outline in the risk factors on this page.

Risk Factors

• Genetic - having an affected parent increases likelihood of developing disease
• Environmental - irritants such as soap and detergents; S. aureus; extremes of temperature and humidity i.e. summer and sweating worsen condition; abrasive fabrics like wool; inhaled allergens; house-dust mite, pollens, pet hair, mould; some dietary factors
• Endogenous - stress; hormonal changes in women.