Dengue

Definition

A fever caused by an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitoes.

Epidemiology

Rare in UK, but massively more common in malarial regions.

Clinical Features

Two main types:

Dengue fever

Seen in travellers, accompanied by

• severe fever
• severe headache
• backache and muscle pains
• rigors
• late onset maculopapular rash

Dengue haemorrhagic fever/shock syndrome

Seen more in children in endemic areas due to repeat infection leading to increased vascular permeability. Same symptoms as above, plus

• shock
• petechiae
• bleeding

Investigations

Diagnosis is clinical - no routine tests for virus.

Management

No specific treatment. Fluids, if they need them.

Prognosis

Most people get over the normal fever. Mortality in the DSS/DHF is high.